The development of practical means to ensure traceability between a new definition of the kilogram and the current mass scale is necessary both to initially fix the value of the Planck constant consistent with the current scale (based on the International Prototype of the Kilogram), and for the dissemination of the mass unit that will be materialized under vacuum from the new definition.

Objectives

Development of artefacts and methods to ensure the traceability of the kilogram from a materialization in vacuum

Summary

Find here the detailled description of the project:

http://www.newkilo.eu/

Publications and communications

PLIMMER M. D., DU COLOMBIER D., IRAQI HOUSSAINI N., SILVESTRI Z., PINOT P. et HANNACHI R., “Apparatus to measure adsorption of condensable solvents on technical surfaces by photothermal deflection”, Review. Sci. Instrum., 83, 114905 ,2012,  DOI: 10.1063/1.4767245

SILVESTRI Z., AZOUIGUI S., BOUHTIYYA S., MACÉ S., PLIMMER M. D., PINOT P., TAYEB-CHANDOUL F. et HANNACHI R., “Thermal desorption mass spectrometer for mass metrology”, Review. Sci. Instrum., 85, 045111, 2014, DOI: 10.1063/1.4870921

DAVIDSON S., BERRY J., SILVESTRI Z., HOGSTROM R. et GREEN R., “Addressing the requirements for the practical implementation and ongoing maintenance of the redefined kilogram”, IMEKO International TC3, TC5 and TC22 Conference, Cape Town, South Africa, 2014.

 

Partners

  • NPL (GB),
  • CMI (CZ),
  • CNAM (FR),
  • DFM (DK),
  • EJPD (CH),
  • LNE (FR), MGRT (SI),
  • MIKES (FI),
  • PTB (DE), 
  • SMU (SK),
  • TUBITAK (TR),
  • INRIM (IT),
  • NRC (CA)

The stability of atomic clocks operating in the optical domain is currently limited by two factors: the frequency noise of the laser used to probe the atomic system and the quantum projection noise, which intervenes when the state of this system is detected. This European QESOCAS project addresses these factors that limit uncertainties at the 10-18 level. These studies could have an impact on most clock applications and open the possibility of new applications.

Objectives

Using quantum entanglement to improve the metrological performance of optical clocks and atomic sensors

Summary

Find here the detailled description of the project:

Quantum engineered states for optical clocks and atomic sensors

Publications and communications

VALLET G., BOOKJANS E., EISMANN U., BILICKI S., LE TARGAT R. et LODEWYCK J., “A noise-immune cavity-assisted non-destructive detection for an optical lattice clock in the quantum regime”, New J. Phys., 19, 083002, 2017, DOI: 10.1088/1367-2630/aa7c84.

LODEWYCK J., BILICKI S., BOOKJANS E., ROBYR J.-L., SHI C., VALLET G., LE TARGAT R., NICOLODI D., LE COQ Y., GUÉNA J., ABGRALL M., ROSENBUSCH P. et BIZE S., “Optical to microwave clock frequency ratios with an operational strontium optical lattice clock”, Metrologia, 53, 1123, 2016, DOI: 10.1088/0026-1394/53/4/1123.

KOHLHAAS R., BERTOLDI A., CANTIN E., ASPECT A., LANDRAGIN A. et BOUYER P., “ “Phase Locking a Clock oscillator to a coherent atomic ensemble”, Phys. Rev. X, 5, 021011, 2015, DOI; 10.1103/PhysRevX.5.021011.

VANDERBRUGGEN T., KOHLHAAS R., BERTOLDI A., CANTIN E., LANDRAGIN A. et BOUYER P., “Feedback control of coherent spin states using weak nondestructive measurements”, Phys. Rev. A, 89, 063619, 2014, DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.89.063619.

 

LODEWYCK J.et al., “Prospects for sub quantum projection noise stability in strontium optical lattice clocks” Colloqium Quantum Engineering, from Fundamental Aspects to Applications (IQFA), 2016, Paris

LE TARGAT R. et al., “Towards non-destructive detection of atomic populations in a strontium Optical Lattice Clock” IFCS (International Frequency Control Symposium), 2016, New-Orleans, USA.

VALLET G.et al., “Cavity enhanced non-demolition measurement on a 87Sr lattice clock”, ETFT (European Time and Frequency Forum), 2016, York, UK.

LE TARGAT R., EISMANN U., SHI C., ROBYR J.L. et LODEWYCK J., “Cavity-enhanced non-destructive detection of atomic populations in Optical Lattice Clocks”, EFTF 2014.

EISMANN U., SHI C., ROBYR J.L., LE TARGAT R. et LODEWYCK J., “Cavity-enhanced non-destructive detection of atomic populations in Optical Lattice Clocks”, EGAS 2014.

Partners

Members of the QESOCAS European project consortium :

  • PTB,
  • NPL,
  • INRIM,
  • REG(LUH),
  • REG(IQOQI),
  • REG(IOGS)

The second is the SI time unit defined from the frequency of the transition radiation between two hyperfine levels of the fundamental state of the cesium 133 atom. The frequency of this radiation is in the microwave range (around 9 GHz). In recent years, however, several frequency references developed in national time metrology institutes have been providing radiation whose frequency is in the optical domain.

Objectives

Integrating optical clocks into the calculation of international time scales

Summary

Find here the detailled description of the project:

http://projects.npl.co.uk/itoc/

Publications and communications

MARGOLIS H.S., GODUN R.M., GILL P., JOHNSON L.A.M., SHEMAR S.L., WHIBBERLEY P.B., CALONICO D., LEVI F., LORINI L., PIZZOCARO M., DELVA P., BIZE S., ACHKAR J., DENKER H., TIMMEN L., VOIGT C., FALKE S., PIESTER D., LISDAT C., STERR U., VOGT S., WEYERS S., GERSL J., LINDVALL T. and MERIMAA M., “International timescales with optical clocks (ITOC)”, Proceedings of the 2013 Joint European Frequency and Time Forum and International Frequency Control Symposium, 2013, 908–911.

GERŠL J., DELVA P. and WOLF P., “Relativistic corrections for time and frequency transfer in optical fibres”, Metrologia, 52, 2015, 552–564.

ABGRALL M., CHUPIN B., DE SARLO L., GUÉNA J., LAURENT P., LE COQ Y., LE TARGAT R., LODEWYCK J., LOURS M., ROSENBUSCH P., ROVERA G. D. and BIZE S., “Atomic fountains and optical clocks at SYRTE: Status and perspectives”, Comptes Rendus de Physique, 16, 461–470, 2015.

DE SARLO L., FAVIER M., TYUMENEV R. and BIZE S., “A mercury optical lattice clock at LNE-SYRTE”, Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 723, 2016, 012017.

LISDAT C., GROSCHE G., QUINTIN N., SHI C., RAUPACH S.M.F., GREBING C., NICOLODI D., STEFANI F., AL-MASOUDI A., DÔRSCHER S., HÄFNER S., ROBYR J.-L., CHIODO N., BILICKI S., BOOKJANS E., KOCZWARA A., KOKE S., KUHL A., WIOTTA F., MEYNADIER F., CAMISARD E., ABGRALL M., LOURS M., LEGERO T., SCHNATZ H., STERR U., DENKER H., CHARDONNET C., LE COQ Y., SANTARELLI G., AMY-KLEIN A., LE TARGAT R., LODEWYCK J., LOPEZ O. and POTTIE P.-E., “A clock network for geodesy and fundamental science”, 2015, arXiv :1511.07735.

TYUMENEV R., FAVIER M., BILICKI S., BOOKJANS E., LE TARGAT R., LODEWYCK J., NICOLODI D., LE COQ Y., ABGRALL M., GUÉNA J., DE SARLO L. and BIZE S., “Comparing a mercury optical lattice clock with microwave and optical frequency standards”, 2016, arXiv : 1603.02026.

LODEWYCK J., BILICKI S., BOOKJANS E., ROBYR J.-L., SHI C., VALLET G., LE TARGAT R., NICOLODI D., LE COQ Y., GUÉNA J., ABGRALL M., ROSENBUSCH P. and BIZE S., “Optical to microwave clock frequency ratios with a nearly continuous strontium optical lattice clock”, 2016, arXiv : 1605.03878.

Partners

  • NPL (UK),
  • CMI (CZ),
  • INRIM (IT),
  • VTT (FI),
  • PTB (DE),
  • LUH (DE)

Currently temperature measurements are traceable to the 1990 International Temperature Scale (ITS-90) or the 2000 Provisional Low Temperature Scale (PLTS-2000) below 1 K. These scales have an empirical basis and are based on a series of fixed points whose temperatures have been determined a priori by primary methods.

Objectives

Extension of primary thermometry

Summary

Fin here the detailled description of the project:

http://projects.npl.co.uk/ink

Publications and communications

WOOLLIAMS E., ANHALT, K.,  BALLICO, M., BLOEMBERGEN, P., BOURSON, F., BRIAUDEAU, S., CAMPOS, J., COX, M. G., DEL CAMPO, D., DURY, M.R., GAVRILOV, V., GRIGORYEVA, I., HERNANDEZ, M.L., JAHAN, F., KHLEVNOY, B., KHROMCHENKO, V.,  LOWE, D.H., LU, X., MACHIN, G., MANTILLA, J.M., MARTIN, M.J., MCEVOY, H.C., ROUGIÉ, B., SADLI, M., SALIM, S.G.,  SASAJIMA, N., TAUBERT, D.R., TODD, A., VAN DEN BOSSCHE, R., VAN DER HAM, E., WANG, T., WEI, D., WHITTAM, A., WILTHAN, B., WOODS, D.,  WOODWARD, J., YAMADA, Y., YAMAGUCHI, Y., YOON, H. and YUAN, Z., “Thermodynamic temperature assignment to the point of inflection of the melting curve of high temperature fixed points”, Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci., 2016, DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2015.0044.

SADLI M., MACHIN G., ANHALT K., BOURSON F., BRIAUDEAU S., DEL CAMPO D., DIRIL A., KOZLOVA O., LOWE D.H., MANTILLA AMOR J. M., MARTIN M. J., MCEVOY H., OJANEN-SALORANTA M., PEHLIVAN Ö., ROUGIÉ B. and SALIM S. G. R., “Dissemination of thermodynamic temperature above the freezing point of silver”, Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci., 2016, DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2015.0043

YAMADA Y.,  ANHALT K., BATTUELLO M., BLOEMBERGEN P., KHLEVNOY B., MACHIN G., MATVEYEV M., SADLI M., TODD A. and WANG T., “Evaluation and Selection of High-Temperature Fixed-Point Cells for Thermodynamic Temperature Assignment”, Int J Thermophys, 36, 2015, 1834-1847, DOI: 10.1007/s10765-015-1860-0

YANG I., PITRE L., MOLDOVER M.R, ZHANG J., FENG X. and SEOG K. JIN., “Improving acoustic determinations of the Boltzmann constant with mass spectrometer measurements of the molar mass of argon”, Metrologia, 52, 2015, 394–403.

GAVIOSO R. M., MADONNA RIPA D., M. STEUR P. P., GAISER C.  , ZANDT T., FELLMUTH B., DE PODESTA M., UNDERWOOD R., SUTTON G., PITRE L., SPARASCI F., RISEGARI L., GIANFRANI L., CASTRILLO A. and MACHIN G., “Progress towards the determination of the thermodynamic temperature with ultra-low uncertainty”, Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A,  374, 2016, 20150046 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2015.0046

MOLDOVER M.R., GAVIOSO R.M., MEHL J.B., PITRE L., DE PODESTA M. and ZHANG J.T., “Acoustic gas thermometry”, Metrologia, 51, 2014, DOI: 10.1088/0026-1394/51/1/R1.

SADLI M., ANHALT K., BOURSON F., BRIAUDEAU S., DEL CAMPO D., DIRIL A., KOZLOVA O., LOWE D., MACHIN G., MANTILLA AMOR J.M., MARTIN M.-J., MC EVOY H., OJANEN M., PEHLIVAN Ö., ROUGIE B. and SALIM S.G.R., “Experimental assessment of thermodynamic temperature dissemination methods at the highest temperatures”, 17e Congrès international de métrologie, Paris, France, September 21st-24th 2015, DOI: 10.1051/metrology/201515017

MACHIN G., ENGERT J.; GAVIOSO R., SADLI M. and WOOLLIAMS E., “The Euramet Metrology Research Programme Project: Implementing the new kelvin (InK)”, 5th All-Russian and COOMET Member Countries Conference “Temperature-2015”, St Petersburg, Russian Federation, April 21st-24th 2015.

SADLI M., MACHIN G., ANHALT K., BOURSON F., BRIAUDEAU S., DEL CAMPO D., DIRIL A., KOZLOVA O., LOWE D., MANTILLA AMOR J. M., MARTIN M., MCEVOY H.C., OJANEN M., PEHLIVAN Ö., ROUGIÉ B. and SALIM S.G.R., “Dissemination of thermodynamic temperature above the silver freezing point temperature”, Towards implementing the new kelvin – The Royal Society, Newport Pagnell, United Kingdom, May 18th-19th 2015.

BOURSON F., BRIAUDEAU S., SALIM S.G.R., ROUGIE B., TRUONG D., KOZLOVA O. and SADLI M., “Radiometric temperature measurements on high-temperature fixed points at LNE-Cnam”, Towards implementing the new kelvin – The Royal Society, Newport Pagnell, United Kingdom, May 18th-19th 2015.

PITRE L., SPARASCI F., RISEGARI L. and TRUONG D., “Acoustic thermometry: new results from 77 K to 303 K at LNE-CNAM”, Tempmeko 2013, Funchal, Madeira, Portugal, October 14th-18th 2013.

RISEGARI L. ET TRUONG D., PITRE L, SPARASCI F, TRUONG D, VERGÉ A. and BUÉE B.,  “ACOUSTIC GAS THERMOMETER BELOW 4K: FIRST TESTS” (379), Tempmeko 2013, Madeira, Portugal, October 14th-18th 2013.

Partners

  • NPL,
  • CEM,
  • CNAM,
  • CSIC,
  • INRIM,
  • LNE,
  • MIKES,
  • PTB,
  • TUBITAK,
  • DIISR, NIM,
  • UVa,
  • VNIIOFI,
  • NRC,
  • NIST,
  • KRISS,
  • UC,
  • IPC

The International Temperature Scale 1990 (ITS-90) is the current internationally recognized temperature scale in use worldwide. After the redefinition of the kelvin via the Boltzmann constant, the ITS-90 will continue to be used as a robust and reliable tool. However, it has some limitations and pending issues that need to be resolved.

Objectives

Development of new advanced techniques to improve the traceability of the current definition of the kelvin, before the redefinition of 2018

Establish traceability to the SI according to the new definition, in order to support the widest and simplest dissemination of the temperature unit to end users

Summary

Find here the detailled description of the project:

http://www.notedproject.com/

Publications and communications

 

CAPPELLA C., SPARASCI F., PITRE L., BUÉE B. et EL MATARAWY A., “Improvements in the realization of the triple point of water in metallic sealed cells at LNE-Cnam”, Int. J. Metrol. Qual. Eng., 6, 4, 2015, DOI: 10.1051/ijmqe/2015026.

BUÉE B., VERGÉ A., VIDAL V., GEORGIN E. et SPARASCI F., “Copper passivation procedure for water-filled copper cells for applications in metrology”, Rapport du projet MeteoMet, http://arxiv.org/abs/1211.7294, novembre 2012.

KOZLOVA O., RONGIONE L. et BRIAUDEAU S., « Estimation des erreurs d’étalonnage de thermomètres infrarouges industriels liés à la méconnaissance de l’émissivité de sources et des bandes spectrales de thermomètres infrarouges », 17e Congrès international de métrologie, Paris, France, 21-24 septembre 2015, DOI: 10.1051/metrology/20150015010.

KOZLOVA O., SADOUNI A., TRUONG D.et BRIAUDEAU S., “A new tuneable IR radiation thermometer”, NOTED final workshop, Bruxelles, Belgique,  5-6 May 2015

CAPPELLA C., “New ITS-90 fixed points designs to study the thermal effects on TPs of O2, Ar, Hg and H2O”, NOTED final workshop, Bruxelles, Belgique,  5-6 May 2015

SPARASCI F., “New fixed points below the TPW”, NOTED final workshop, Bruxelles, Belgique,  5-6 May 2015

SPARASCI F., PITRE L., “Procedures for the calibration of SPRTs with respect to T in the temperature range between 77 K and 300 K NOTED final workshop, Bruxelles, Belgique,  5-6 May 2015

BRIAUDEAU S., SADOUNI A., KOZLOVA O., TRUONG D., BOURSON F., SADLI M., “Performances of the innovative portable spectroradiometer: fast wide-range tunability and high reproducibility”, NEWRAD 2014, Helsinki, Finlande,  24-27 June 2014

DEL CAMPO D. et al. , “A Multi-Institute European Project for Providing Improved and Simpler Traceability to the Kelvin”, International congress of Metrology, 2013, Paris, France,  7th-10th October 2013, DOI: 10.1051/metrology/201315006

VIDAL V., VERGE A., MARTIN C., BUE B., SPARASCI F., “Calorimetric Quasi-Adiabatic Realization of the Triple Point Of Water At LCM LNE/CNAM”, Tempmeko 2013, Funchal, Madère, Portugal, 14-18 Octobre 2013

FIORILLO D., VERGÉ A., MARTIN C., BARBOTIN V., HERMIER Y., SPARASCI F., “New calorimeter for SPRT calibrations at argon and oxygen fixed points: further improvements at LNE-CNAM”, Tempmeko 2013, Funchal, Madère, Portugal, 14-18 Octobre 2013

SADOUNI A., « Réalisation et caractérisation métrologique d’un pyromètre accordable », CNAM, Saint-Denis, France, 11 décembre 2015

Partners

  • CEM (ES),
  • CMI (CZ),
  • INRiM (IT),
  • IPQ (PT),
  • MKEH (HU),
  • NPL (GB),
  • PTB (DE),
  • SMD (BE),
  • TUBITAK (TR),
  • UL (SI),
  • VSL (NL)