The second is the SI time unit defined from the frequency of the transition radiation between two hyperfine levels of the fundamental state of the cesium 133 atom. The frequency of this radiation is in the microwave range (around 9 GHz). In recent years, however, several frequency references developed in national time metrology institutes have been providing radiation whose frequency is in the optical domain.

Objectives

Integrating optical clocks into the calculation of international time scales

Summary

Find here the detailled description of the project:

http://projects.npl.co.uk/itoc/

Publications and communications

MARGOLIS H.S., GODUN R.M., GILL P., JOHNSON L.A.M., SHEMAR S.L., WHIBBERLEY P.B., CALONICO D., LEVI F., LORINI L., PIZZOCARO M., DELVA P., BIZE S., ACHKAR J., DENKER H., TIMMEN L., VOIGT C., FALKE S., PIESTER D., LISDAT C., STERR U., VOGT S., WEYERS S., GERSL J., LINDVALL T. and MERIMAA M., “International timescales with optical clocks (ITOC)”, Proceedings of the 2013 Joint European Frequency and Time Forum and International Frequency Control Symposium, 2013, 908–911.

GERŠL J., DELVA P. and WOLF P., “Relativistic corrections for time and frequency transfer in optical fibres”, Metrologia, 52, 2015, 552–564.

ABGRALL M., CHUPIN B., DE SARLO L., GUÉNA J., LAURENT P., LE COQ Y., LE TARGAT R., LODEWYCK J., LOURS M., ROSENBUSCH P., ROVERA G. D. and BIZE S., “Atomic fountains and optical clocks at SYRTE: Status and perspectives”, Comptes Rendus de Physique, 16, 461–470, 2015.

DE SARLO L., FAVIER M., TYUMENEV R. and BIZE S., “A mercury optical lattice clock at LNE-SYRTE”, Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 723, 2016, 012017.

LISDAT C., GROSCHE G., QUINTIN N., SHI C., RAUPACH S.M.F., GREBING C., NICOLODI D., STEFANI F., AL-MASOUDI A., DÔRSCHER S., HÄFNER S., ROBYR J.-L., CHIODO N., BILICKI S., BOOKJANS E., KOCZWARA A., KOKE S., KUHL A., WIOTTA F., MEYNADIER F., CAMISARD E., ABGRALL M., LOURS M., LEGERO T., SCHNATZ H., STERR U., DENKER H., CHARDONNET C., LE COQ Y., SANTARELLI G., AMY-KLEIN A., LE TARGAT R., LODEWYCK J., LOPEZ O. and POTTIE P.-E., “A clock network for geodesy and fundamental science”, 2015, arXiv :1511.07735.

TYUMENEV R., FAVIER M., BILICKI S., BOOKJANS E., LE TARGAT R., LODEWYCK J., NICOLODI D., LE COQ Y., ABGRALL M., GUÉNA J., DE SARLO L. and BIZE S., “Comparing a mercury optical lattice clock with microwave and optical frequency standards”, 2016, arXiv : 1603.02026.

LODEWYCK J., BILICKI S., BOOKJANS E., ROBYR J.-L., SHI C., VALLET G., LE TARGAT R., NICOLODI D., LE COQ Y., GUÉNA J., ABGRALL M., ROSENBUSCH P. and BIZE S., “Optical to microwave clock frequency ratios with a nearly continuous strontium optical lattice clock”, 2016, arXiv : 1605.03878.

Partners

  • NPL (UK),
  • CMI (CZ),
  • INRIM (IT),
  • VTT (FI),
  • PTB (DE),
  • LUH (DE)

This European project addresses one of the major challenges that is tomorrow's energy by aiming at the development of new technologies, new equipment and appropriate metrological measurement means to exploit new energy sources. It specifically addresses metrology for energy recovery technologies.

Objectives

To provide a metrological framework for the development of existing energy recovery technologies in the form of heat, motion or vibration by measuring the electrical energy conversion efficiency of microgenerators

Provide a metrological framework for the development of existing energy recovery technologies in the form of heat, motion or vibration by measuring the thermal, mechanical and electrical properties of the materials used and their electrical energy transduction characteristics

Provide a metrological framework for the development of existing energy recovery technologies in the form of heat, motion or vibration by linking material properties at nanoscale and macroscopic scales

To provide a metrological framework for the development of existing energy recovery technologies in the form of heat, motion or vibration through the development of metrology associated with measurements on multifunctional and nanostructured devices

Summary

Find here the detailled description of the project:

http://projects.npl.co.uk/energy_harvesting/

Publications and communications

BOUNOUH A. and BÉLIÈRES D., “New method based on electrical harmonic distortion analysis for electromechanical characterizations of MEMS devices”, Microtech 2013, Washington DC – Etats-Unis, 2013.

BOUNOUH A., CAMON H. and BELIÈRES D., “Wideband high stability MEMS based AC voltage references”, IEEE Trans. Inst. Meas., 99, 2013.

BOUNOUH A. and BÉLIÈRES D., “Electromechanical characterizations of MEMS based energy harvesters by harmonic sampling analysis method”, IMEKO-TC4, Barcelone, Espagne, 2013.

BOUNOUH A. and BÉLIÈRES D., “Resonant frequency characterization of MEMS based energy harvesters by harmonic sampling analysis method”, Measurement, 2013, 52, 71-76.

BOUNOUH A., “MEMS based electrostatic vibration energy harvesters”, EMRP Industry meeting and worhshops, Braunschweig, Allemagne, 28-29 août 2013.

BOUNOUH A., “Metrology for energy harvesting”, Journées nationales sur la récupération et le stockage d’énergie pour l’alimentation des microsystèmes autonomes, Grenoble, France, 26-27 mars 2012.

BOUNOUH A., “Fabrication of specific electrostatic energy harvesting for conversion efficiency measurements”, JRP-Energy Harvesting mid-term meeting, Londres, Royaume-Uni, 22-23 mai 2012.

BOUNOUH A. and BÉLIÈRES D., “Harmonic analysis method for electromechanical characterisations of MEMS based energy harvesters”, CPEM 2012, Washington, Etats-Unis, 2-6 juillet 2012.

BOUNOUH A., “Development of AlN based piezo energy harvesters”, JRP Energy Harvesting Technical meeting, Turin, Italie, 20-22 nov. 2012.

BOUNOUH A. et al., “Metrology for energy harvesting”, Journées nationales sur la récupération et le stockage d’énergie pour l’alimentation des microsystèmes autonomes, Paris, France, 18-19 nov. 2010.

Les travaux du LNE ont été cités dans les revues de presse suivantes :

MEMS mechanics measured electronically”, Electronics Weekly,
http://www.electronicsweekly.com/news/research/mems-mechanics-measured-electrically-2013-05/

 “New technique for MEMS power measurement”, Engineering & Technology,
http://eandt.theiet.org/news/2013/may/mems-lne.cfm

New Method to Precisely Measure MEMS Output”, Azonano, http://www.azonano.com/news.aspx?newsID=27357

Unveiling the First Precise MEMS Output Measurement Technique”, Red Orbit,
http://www.redorbit.com/news/technology/1112846304/first-precise-mems-output-measurement-technique-051413/

 “First precise MEMS output measurement technique unveiled”,
R&D Magazine, http://www.rdmag.com/news/2013/05/first-precise-mems-output-measurement-technique-unveiled
Nanowerk, http://www.nanowerk.com/news2/newsid=30486.php
Science newsline, http://www.sciencenewsline.com/articles/2013051417570011.html
Science Daily, http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/05/130514122749.htm
PhysNews, http://www.physnews.com/nano-physics-news/cluster575627274/
Science Codex, http://www.sciencecodex.com/first_precise_mems_output_measurement_technique_unveiled-112144.

Partners

JRP-ENG02 partners :

  • PTB (Germany),
  • CMI (Czech Republic),
  • INRIM (Italy),
  • LNE (France),
  • MIKES (Finland),
  • NPL (United-Kingdom),
  • SIQ (Slovenia)

LNE partners :

  • ESIEE,
  • TIMA,
  • LAAS,
  • Thales,
  • Coventor