Publications

OUEDRAOGOA K., TOPSU S., GAYHMOUNI J., CHASSAGNE L., ALAYLI Y., JUNCAR P., GOURNAY P., BIELSA F. et GENEVÈS G., “Accurate ellipsometric magnetic-field sensor used to align the watt balance magnetic circuit of the French National Metrology Institute”, Sensors and Actuators, A, 175, 2012, 9-14.

Communications

MERLET S., FARAH T., GUERLIN C., CLAIRON A., LANDRAGIN A. et PEREIRA DOS SANTOS F., « Gravimètre atomique absolu », Séminaire Géosciences Montpellier, Montpellier, France, 2 février 2012.

GUERLIN C., FARAH T., CHAUVET-LOUCHET A., CLAIRON A., LANDRAGIN A., MERLET S. et PEREIRA DOS SANTOS F., “High sensitivity absolute atom gravimeter”, QIM 2012, Berlin Allemagne, 19–21 mars 2012.

FARAH T., GUERLIN C., LANDRAGIN A., MERLET S. PEREIRA DOS SANTOS F., BOUYER PH., AUGUSTE M., CAVAILLOU A., BOYER D., POUPENEY J., SUDRE CH. et GAFFET S., “Absolute atom gravimeter at LSBB : a first step toward MIGA”, i-DUST, Apt, France, 9–11 mai 2012.

PEREIRA DOS SANTOS F., “The LNE-SYRTE atom gravimeter”, Symposium on Geodesy with Inertial Quantum Sensors, Hanover, Allemagne, 9–12 juin 2012.

BIELSA F., “The LNE watt balance: progress report”, CCEM working group on electrical methods to monitor the kilogram, Washington, États-Unis, 30 juin 2012.

THOMAS M., ESPEL P., BIELSA F., JUNCAR P., PINOT P. et GENEVÈS G., “Present status of the LNE watt balance”, Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements (CPEM-2012), Washington DC, États-Unis, 1–6 juillet 2012.

BIELSA F., « Balance du watt », Journée des métrologues, Paris, France, 17 septembre 2012.

GENEVÈS G., “LNE watt balance”, Kick-off meeting projet KNOW, Trappes, France, 26–27 septembre 2012.

GENEVÈS G., “LNE watt balance”, CCM workshop on the mise en pratique of the new definition of the kilogram, BIPM, Sèvres, France, 21–22 novembre 2012.

GENEVÈS G., « Une détermination de la constante de Planck en vue de la redéfinition du kilogramme », Journée nationale du réseau Mesures, Modèles et Incertitudes, Orsay, France, 23 novembre 2012.

Publications

FRANCIS O. et al., « The European comparison of absolute gravimeters 2011 (ECAG-2011) in Walferdange, Luxembourg: results and recommandations », Metrologia, 50, 3, 2013, 257-268, DOI: 10.1088/0026-1394/50/3/257.

JIANG Z., PALINKAS V., FRANCIS O., BAUMANN H., MAKINEN J., VITUSHKIN L., MERLET S., TISSERAND L., JOUSSET P., ROTHLEITNER C., BECKER M., ROBERTSON L. et ARIAS E.F., “On the gravimetric contribution to the redefinition of the kilogram”, Metrologia, 50, 2013, 452-471, DOI: 10.1088/0026-1394/50/5/452.

Communications

MERLET S., « Redéfinition du kilogramme, balance du watt et gravimétrie », Séminaire Temps-Espace, Observatoire de Paris, France, 8 avril 2013.

FARAH T., GUERLIN C., LANDRAGIN A., MERLET S., PEREIRA DOS SANTOS F., Pushing the limits of an atom gravimeter, ECAMP11, Aarhus, Danemark, 24–28 juin 2013.

MERLET S., FARAH T., LANDRAGIN A., PEREIRA DOS SANTOS F., “Mobile LNE-SYRTE Cold Atom Gravimeter - Comparison and on field measurement “, TGSMM, Saint Pétersbourg, Russie, 17–20 septembre 2013,

THOMAS M. et al., « Une méthode de mesure de la constante de Planck : la balance du watt », Congrès International de Métrologie, Paris, France, 7–10 octobre 2013.

MERLET S., FARAH T., LAUTIER J., LANDRAGIN A. et PEREIRA DOS SANTOS F., “Performances and capabilities of the mobile LNE-SYRTE Cold Atom Gravimeter”, AGU Fall Meeting, San Francisco, Etats-Unis, 9–13 décembre 2013.

Publications

FARAH T., GILLOT P., CHENG B., LANDRAGIN A., MERLET S. et PEREIRA DOS SANTOS F., “Effective velocity distribution in an atom gravimeter: Effect of the convolution with the response of the detection”, Phys. Rev. A, 90, 2014, DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.90.023606.

FARAH T., GUERLIN C., LANDRAGIN A., BOUYER PH., GAFFET S., PEREIRA DOS SANTOS F. et MERLET S., “Underground operation at best sensitivity of the mobile LNE-SYRTE Cold Atom Gravimeter”, Gyroscopy and Navigation 5, 2014, 266-274, DOI: 10.1134/S2075108714040051.

GILLOT P., FRANCIS O., LANDRAGIN A., PEREIRA DOS SANTOS F. et MERLET S., “Stability comparison of two absolute gravi-meters: optical versus atomic interferometers”, Metrologia 51, 5, 2014, L15-L17, DOI: 10.1088/0026-1394/51/5/L15

JIANG Z., PALINKAS V., FRANCIS O., MERLET S. et al., “Accurate gravimetry at the BIPM Watt balance site”, Earth on the Edge: Science for a Sustainable Planet, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 139, 2014, 371-376.

MERLET S., GILLOT P., FARAH T., BODART Q., LE GOUËT J., CHEINET P., GUERLIN C., LOUCHET-CHAUVET A, MALOSSI. N., KOPAEV A., FRANCIS O., D'AGOSTINO G., DIAMENT M., GENEVES G., CLAIRON A., LANDRAGIN A. et PEREIRA DOS SANTOS F., « Détermination de l'accélération de la pesanteur pour la balance du watt du LNE », Revue française de métrologie, 36, 4, 2014, 11-27, DOI: 10.1051/rfm/2014013.

THOMAS M., ESPEL P., BRIAND Y., GENEVÈS G., BIELSA F., PINOT P., JUNCAR P. et PIQUEMAL F., “Minimization of the coil movement of the LNE watt balance during weighing mode and estimation of parasitic forces and torques involved”, Metrologia, 51, 2014, 54, DOI: 10.1088/0026-1394/51/2/S54.

Communications

JIANG Z., PALINKAS V., FRANCIS O., MERLET S. et al., “Accurate gravimetry at the BIPM Watt balance site”, Earth on the Edge: Science for a Sustainable Planet - International Association of Geodesy Symposia 139, Melbourne, Australie, 28 juin-2 juillet 2014.

MERLET S., GILLOT P., CHENG B., LANDRAGIN A. et PEREIRA DOS SANTOS F., “Wavefront aberration bias in LNE-SYRTE Cold Atom Gravimeter”, Meeting of IAC, kNOW, and CCM WGR-kg, Rio de Janeiro, Brésil, 22 août 2014.

THOMAS M., ESPEL P., BIELSA F., PINOT P., JUNCAR P., GENEVÈS G. et PIQUEMAL F., “Progress report on the LNE watt balance”, CCEM WGkg meeting, Rio de Janeiro, Brésil, 23 août 2014.

ARNOLD T., BAUMANN H., BETTIN H., BIELSA F., EICHENBERGER A., KURAMOTO N., MANA G., MASSA E., MERLET S., PEREIRA DOS SANTOS F., PICARD A., PINOT P. et PIQUEMAL F., “European Metrology Research Program: Advances on the Realization of the kilogram Redefinition”, Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements (CPEM 2014), Rio de Janeiro, Brésil, 24-29 août 2014, DOI: 10.1109/CPEM.2014.6898441.

MERLET S., GILLOT P., CHENG B., LANDRAGIN A. et PEREIRA DOS SANTOS F., “Continuous free fall acceleration determination for the LNE Watt balance”, Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements (CPEM 2014), Rio de Janeiro, Brésil, 24-29 août 2014, DOI: 10.1109/CPEM.2014.6898411.

THOMAS M., ESPEL P., BIELSA F., GENEVÈS G., PIQUEMAL F., JUNCAR P. et PINOT P., “Progress report of the LNE watt balance”, Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measu-rements (CPEM 2014), Rio de Janeiro, Brésil, 24-29 août 2014.

MERLET S., GILLOT P., CHENG B. et PEREIRA DOS SANTOS F., “Gravimetry for the LNE Watt balance”, Géodésie Géophysique Colloque G2, Strasbourg, France, 17-19 novembre 2014.

MERLET S., GILLOT P., CHENG B. et PEREIRA DOS SANTOS F., « Gravimetre atomique du SYRTE – Performances - mesures au LSBB », Workshop MIGA, LSBB Rustrel, France, 28 novembre 2014.

Publications

CHENG B., GILLOT P., MERLET S. et PEREIRA DOS SANTOS F., “Influence of chirping the Raman lasers in an atom gravimeter: Phase shifts due to Raman light shift and to the finite speed of light”, Physical Review A, 92, 2015, DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.92.063617.

JIANG Z., PALINKAS V., FRANCIS O., MERLET S., BAUMANN H., BECKER M., JOUSSET P., MÄKINEN J., SCHULZ H.R, KESSLER-SCHULZ K.U., SVITLOV S., COULOMB A., TISSERAND L., HU H.  et ROTHLEITNER CH., “Accurate gravimetry at the BIPM watt balance site”, Chapter “Earth on the Edge: Science for a Sustainable Planet”, Book Series: International Association of Geodesy Symposia,, 139, 371-376, 2015, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-37222-3_49.

THOMAS M., ESPEL P., ZIANE D., PINOT P., JUNCAR P., PEREIRA DOS SANTOS F., MERLET S., PIQUEMAL F. et GENEVÈS G., “First determination of the Planck constant using the LNE watt balance”, Metrologia, 52, 2015, 433-443, DOI: 10.1088/0026-1394/52/2/433.

Communications

THOMAS M., ESPEL P., BIELSA F., PINOT P., JUNCAR P., GENEVÈS G. et PIQUEMAL F., “A determination of the Planck constant in air by the LNE watt balance”, CODATA workshop, Eltville, Allemagne, 2-6 février 2015.

CHENG B., GILLOT P., LANDRAGIN A., MERLET S.  et PEREIRA DOS SANTOS F., “Residual clock effect in Cold Atom Gravimeter”, AG First-TF, Besançon, France, 16 mars 2015.

GILLOT P., CHENG B., LANDRAGIN A., MERLET S. et PEREIRA DOS SANTOS F., “Residual clock effect in cold atom gravimeter”, Coloq14, Rennes, France, 6-9 juillet.

LANDRAGIN A., DUTTA I., GILLOT P., KOHLHAAS R., LAUTIER J., MEUNIER M., SAVOIE D., CHENG B., FANG B., GARRIDO ALZAR C., GEIGER R., MERLET S. et PEREIRA DOS SANTOS F., “Atom Interferometry for inertial sensors: fundamental and practical sensitivity limits”, 23e Congrés général de la SFP, Strasbourg, France, 24-25 août 2015.

PINOT P., ESPEL P., THOMAS M., ZIANE D. et PIQUEMAL F., « Expérience française de balance du watt: composantes d’incertitude associées à l’étalon de masse pour la détermination de la constante de Planck », 17e Congrès international de métrologie, Paris, France, 21-24 septembre 2015, DOI: 10.1051/metrology/20150018001.

PINOT P., LIU Y., ESPEL P., THOMAS M., ZIANE D. et PIQUEMAL F., « Expérience française de balance du watt : conception d’un fléau de balance monobloc et étude de son comportement mécanique », 17e Congrès international de métrologie, Paris, France, 21-24 septembre 2015, DOI: 10.1051/metrology/20150018002.

SILVESTRI Z. et DAVIDSON S., “How to disseminate the new mass unit?”, 17e Congrès international de métrologie, Paris, France, 21-24 septembre 2015, DOI: 10.1051/metrology/20150018003.

GILLOT P., CHENG B., MERLET S. et PEREIRA DOS SANTOS F., « Des performances ultimes d'un gravimètre atomique transporbale à l'hybridation avec un accéléromètre classique », Workshop Atomes froids et applications embarquées, Toulouse, France, 9 décembre 2015.

New techniques and industrial processes emit infrasound or ultrasound (wind turbines, heat pumps, ultrasonic cleaning systems...), while the mechanism of sound perception outside the hearing range is currently not well understood. Manufacturers and operators of these installations need noise emission regulations to be well-founded and not unnecessarily restrictive: it is therefore necessary to define rational and substantiated criteria to prevent the risks associated with these sounds.

Objectives

Understanding human perception of non-audible sounds

Define the metrological structure necessary to apply safety criteria based on sound perception thresholds

Provide traceability to national standards through the development of a universal ear simulator to model human ear impedance for both adults and children

Summary

Find here the detailled description of the project:

http://www.ptb.de/emrp/ears-project.html

Publications et communications

LAVERGNE T., RODRIGUES D., NEIMANNS V., OLSEN E. S. et BARHAM R., “Universal ear simulator: Specifications and artificial ear canal design”, Internoise 2013, Innsbruck, Autriche,  September 15th-18th 2013.

RODRIGUES D., LAVERGNE T., FEDTKE T., OLSEN E. S., BARHAM R. et DUROCHER J.-N., “Methodology of designing an ear simulator”, Internoise 2013, Innsbruck, Autriche, September 15th-18th 2013.

RODRIGUES D., LAVERGNE T., OLSEN E.S., FEDTKE T., BARHAM R. et DUROCHER J.-N., “Methodology of Designing an Occluded Ear Simulator”, Acta Acustica united with Acustica, 101, 5, 2015, 1007-1015, DOI: 10.3813/AAA.918895.

RODRIGUES D., LAVERGNE T., OLSEN E.S., BARHAM R., FEDTKE T. et  DUROCHER J.-N., “Design of a new ear simulator”, Inter-Noise 2015, San Francisco, United States of America, August 9th-12th 2015.

 

Partners

Laboratoires nationaux de métrologie :

  • PTB (coordinateur du projet),
  • NPL,
  • LNE,
  • DFM,
  • Tubitak UME,
  • BKSV-DPLA

The development of practical means to ensure traceability between a new definition of the kilogram and the current mass scale is necessary both to initially fix the value of the Planck constant consistent with the current scale (based on the International Prototype of the Kilogram), and for the dissemination of the mass unit that will be materialized under vacuum from the new definition.

Objectives

Development of artefacts and methods to ensure the traceability of the kilogram from a materialization in vacuum

Summary

Find here the detailled description of the project:

http://www.newkilo.eu/

Publications and communications

PLIMMER M. D., DU COLOMBIER D., IRAQI HOUSSAINI N., SILVESTRI Z., PINOT P. et HANNACHI R., Apparatus to measure adsorption of condensable solvents on technical surfaces by photothermal deflection, Review. Sci. Instrum., 83, 114905 ,2012,  DOI: 10.1063/1.4767245

SILVESTRI Z., AZOUIGUI S., BOUHTIYYA S., MACÉ S., PLIMMER M. D., PINOT P., TAYEB-CHANDOUL F. et HANNACHI R., Thermal desorption mass spectrometer for mass metrology, Review. Sci. Instrum., 85, 045111, 2014, DOI: 10.1063/1.4870921

DAVIDSON S., BERRY J., SILVESTRI Z., HOGSTROM R. et GREEN R., Addressing the requirements for the practical implementation and ongoing maintenance of the redefined kilogram, IMEKO International TC3, TC5 and TC22 Conference, Cape Town, South Africa, 2014.

 

Partners

  • NPL (GB),
  • CMI (CZ),
  • CNAM (FR),
  • DFM (DK),
  • EJPD (CH),
  • LNE (FR), MGRT (SI),
  • MIKES (FI),
  • PTB (DE), 
  • SMU (SK),
  • TUBITAK (TR),
  • INRIM (IT),
  • NRC (CA)

In Europe, the metrological connection needs in force are not covered beyond 15 MN. This corresponds to industrial applications in many fields (mechanics, construction, energy). The needs are estimated up to 50 MN.

Objectives

Extending the range of force measurements above 15 meganewton

Consolidate force measurement uncertainties with force pyramid benches

Improve the calibration control of multi-component sensors

Summary

Find here the detailled description of the project:

http://www.ptb.de/emrp/forcemetrology.html

Publications and communications

RABAULT T., AVERLANT P., and BOINEAU F., “Numerical modeling of hysteresis applied on force transducer”, XXI IMEKO World Congress “Measurement in Research and Industry, Prague, Czech Republic,  30 août - 4 Septembre 2015,

KUMME R., TEGTMEIER F., RÖSKE D., BARTHEL A., GERMAK A. and AVERLANT P., “Force traceability within the meganewton range”, IMEKO 22nd TC3, 15th TC5 and 3rd TC 22 International Conferences, Cape Town, Republic of South Africa, 3 -5 Fevrier 2014

Partners

  • PTB (DE),
  • BAM (DE),
  • CEM (ES),
  • CMI (CZ),
  • INRIM (IT),
  • METAS (CZ),
  • MG (PL),
  • MIKES (FI),
  • NPL (GB),
  • TUBITAK (TK)

Abstract

Some national laboratories of metrology carry out the continuous expansion method to ensure measurements traceability for low absolute pressure. This method implies to generate a reference molar gas flow rate ranging from 4 × 10-12 mol·s-1 to 4 × 10-7 mol·s-1. To improve calibrations uncertainties for pressures below 10-3 Pa, Laboratoire national de métrologie et d’essais (LNE) had to initially design a primary reference for gas flow measurement in the aforementioned range, with an expected expanded uncertainty better than 1%. With the gas flowmeter, it will also be possible to calibrate reference leaks, which is an usual activity of the pressure department of the LNE, for the leaks with reference to vacuum between 4 × 10-12 mol·s-1 and 4 × 10-7mol·s-1 (from 1×10-8 Pa·m3·s-1 to 1×10-3 Pa·m3·s-1) and leaks of the cooling agent R-134a with reference to atmospheric pressure between 3×10-9 mol·s-1 and 2 × 10-8 mol·s-1 (from 10 g per year to 60 g·per year). The calibration results of a capillary leak are compared with the pressure rise calibration method, usually performed for this kind of instrument. An uncertainty budget on the gas flow measurement is established for this calibration and applied to the continuous expansion method.

Key words

constant pressure flowmeter
gas flow rate
continuous expansion method
low absolute pressure
reference leak

Abstract

Within the research project “surface activity analysis”, stretching over different metrological and technological topics, mass and nanotechnology for instance, improvements and adaptation have been carried out on different surface analysis devices in laboratories. The goal of this paper is to propose a review of the different developed devices, describing their main improvements for the past four years and to present the experimental results they produced.

Key words

mass metrology
nanodimentional metrology
surface characterization
sorption phenomena
roughness

Abstract

The kilogram is still defined in terms of an artefact, namely, the same prototype sanctioned by the 1st CGPM in 1889. It has three main limitations: available in one place, not really invariant in terms of physical mass and not universal as based on an artefact. The definition of the mass unit could be revised as early as 2011 by basing it on exactly fixed value of a fundamental constant of nature. Thus, the possibility of redefining the kilogram in function of a true natural invariant has been discussed for about 30 years. In this context, the French metrology decided in 2002 to undertake the realisation of a watt balance experiment aiming at linking the kilogram to the Planck constant. The adoption of a new definition of the kilogram based on an atomic or a fundamental physical constant has to take its dissemination into account by avoiding great change for the accredited institutes and most of users. Of course, this will have consequences for the transfer mass standards used by the National Institutes of Metrology.

Key words

references and standards
units of measurement
kilogram
watt balance
silicon single crystal
planck constant
avogadro constant
dissémination